Angélica Bernal's article "Ecuador's Dual Populism: Neocolonial extractivism, violence, and Indigenous resistance," was published in the Special Issue on Populism of the journal Thesis Eleven. This article examines the confluence of extractivism, violence, and their resistance in the context of left governance in Latin America – specifically the case of Ecuador – through an engagement with the concept of populism. Alongside Bolivia and Venezuela, Ecuador has long been associated with the rise of radical populism and with it an ‘autocratic turn’ in Latin America. Dispensing with overdetermined accounts of populism as either the anti-thesis or essence of democracy, this article proposes a third lens – dual populisms – to better grapple with the neocolonial turn toward intensified natural resource extraction and violence. With the expansion of extractive industries, and its accompanying violence increasingly becoming a global phenomenon, dual populisms posits a third position – one that is at once top-down, state centered, and also bottom-up and social movement focused – to better account for the complex dynamics at work within this turn. (Sage Journal, 6/15/2021)